Su ne : Xabi’u da abubuwan da Allah ya halicci mutane a kansu, waxanda da su ne mutum yake cika, ya zama mai kyan siffofi da kyakkyawar kama.
Sunnonin Fixira
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Bayanin sunnonin xabi'a
An karvo daga Aisha – Allah ya yarda da ita – ta ce, Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Abubuwa goma suna cikin sunnonin Fixira : Rage gashin baki, cika gemu, yin aswaki, shaqa ruwa, yanke farce, wanke bayan gavvan ‘yan yatsu, cire gashin hammata, aske gashin mara, tsarkin ruwa, kurkurar baki”[Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
1 – Asuwaki
Xan qaramin ice ne na itaciyar bishiyar Arak, da ake amafani da shi wajen goge haqora, don kawar da abin da ya maqale musu na abinci ko wari.
Asuwaki sunna ne a kowane lokaci, saboda faxinsa ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Aswaki tsarki ne ga baki, kuma samun yarda ne daga Ubangiji” [ Ahmad ne ya rawaito shi].
Amm yin aswaki yana qarfafa a wurare masu zuwa :
1 – Yayin Alwala
Saboda faxinsa ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Ba don kada in matsantawa al’ummata ba, da na umarce su da yin aswaki a yayin yin kowace alwala” [Ahmad ne ya rawaito shi].
2 – Yayin Yin Sallah
Saboda faxinsa ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Ba don kada in matsantawa al’ummata ba, da na umarce su da yin aswaki a wajen kowace sallah” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
3 – Yayin Shiga Gida
An karvo daga Miqdamu daga babansa – Allah ya yarda da su – ya ce, “na ce wa Aisha – Allah ya yarda da ita – me Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) yake farawa da shi idan ya shigo gidansa?” Sai ta ce, “Aswaki” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi.].
4 – Yayin Da Aka Tashi Daga Barci
An karvo daga Huzaifa – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya kasance idan ya tashi da daddare yana goge [ yana goge bakinsa ana nufin yana cuccuxa shi da aswaki] bakinsa da asuwaki” [ Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi]
5 – Yayin Karatun Alqur’ani
An karvo daga Aliyyu – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya yi umarni da yin asuwaki ya ce, Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Haqiqa idan bawa ya yi aswaki, sannan ya tashi yana sallah, sai mal’iku su tsaya bayansa suna jin karatunsa, sai mala’ikan ya matso kusa da shi, har ya sanya bakinsa akan bakinsa, babu wani abu da zai fito daga bakinsa na Alqur’ani face sai ya zama a cikin cikin mala’ikan, don haka ku tsarkake bakunanku saboda Alqur’ani” [ Bazzar ne ya rawaito shi]
Fa'idojin Aswaki
Daga cikin fa’idojin aswaki : tsarkake baki ne a duniya, samun yardar Ubangiji ne a lahira, kuma yana qarfafa dasashi, yana gyara murya, ya sanya bawa nishaxi.
Aswaki2 – Kurkure Baki Da Shaqa Ruwa
Shi ne shigar da ruwa cikin baki tare da jujjuya shi
Shi ne, shaqar ruwa zuwa hanci
Kurkurar baki
Shaqa Ruwa3 – Tsarki da ruwa
Gusar da abin da ya fito daga gaba ko dubura da ruwa mai tsarkie
4 – Rage gashin baki
Abin da ake nufi a rage shi sosai, saboda ado da tsafta da savawa kafirai da yake cikin yin hakan.
5 – Cika Gemu
Shi ne barin gemu da rashin tava shi
Aske gemu
Aske gemu ya haramta, saboda umarnin da ya zo na a bar shi kada a tava shi. Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce, “Ku cire gashin baki, ku qyale gemu [ Qyale gemu shi ne rashin rage shi, da barinsa yadda yake], ku sava wa majusawa” [ Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].6 – Aske gashin mara
Shi ne aske gashin gaba
Fa'idojin aske gashin mara
Ya tabbata a ilimin kimiyya cewa aske gashin mara yana kiyaye lafiyar jiki da qarfinsa da amincinsa, saboda yawan gashi a irin wannan waje yana kawo qurajen fata waxanda suke cutar da jiki7 – Kaciyar Maza Da Kaciyar Mata
Shi ne gusar da fatar da ta lulluve kan azzakarin namiji
Ita ce rage xan naman dake gaban mafitsarar mace
Ana yi wa maza kaciya, su kuma mata ana xan rage wa ne, saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Ummu Axiyya – Allah ya yarda da ita – “Ki rage xan kaxan kada ki cire gaba xaya (wajen yi wa mata kaciya) saboda ya fi sa kyawon fuska, kuma ya fi daxi ga miji” [ Hakim ne ya rawaito shi]
Kaciya wajibi ce ga maza, sunna ce ga mata.
Hikimar yi wa xa namiji kaciya shi ne, tsarkake gaban namiji daga najasar dake cikin wannan fatar da ta rufe gaban nasa. Ita kuwa mace hikimar yi mata kaciya shi ne samun kyawon fuskarta.
8 – Yanke Farce
Shi ne yanke shi, kada a bar shi ya yi tsawo.
Yanke farce9 – Tsige gashin hammata
Shi ne gusar da gashin da ya fito a hammata, saboda tsaftace hamata da gusar da warinta.
Tsige gashin hammata10 – Wanke bayan gavvan ‘yan yatsu
Su ne, bayan gavvan ‘yan yatsu waxanda suke bayan tafin hannu
Wasu malamai sun qara duk wani wuri da qazanta ke taruwa, cikin kunne, wuya, da sauran sassan jiki
Bayan gavvan ‘yan yatsuKwana arba'in
Makaruhi ne barin farce, ko gashin hammata, ko mara, ko gashin baki sama da kwana arba’in. An karvo daga Anas xan Malik – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya sanya mana lokacin aske gashin baki, da yanke farce, da aske gashin mara, da cire gashin hammata, kada mu bar su sama da kwana arba’in” [ Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
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