Suffering renal failure and undergoing dialysis three times a week and in Ramadan

Q 1: I suffer from kidney failure, and I undergo dialysis three times a week, that is, every other day; and in Ramadan, some of the sufferers from this disease can fast and others can not. My first question is: Can those who are capable of observing Sawm (Fast) do? Are they obliged to do anything, knowing that some people say that their Sawm is not valid as there are some solutions that enter the body with the blood. Then, if the Sawm is not valid, what is the ruling to be followed? Does one have to compensate for the days he could not fast, or to feed, or do both? And, what is to be done concerning the years in which a person used to observe Sawm while undergoing dialysis? (Part No. 9; Page No. 107)  The second question is: Is it permissible to perform Salah (Prayer) while undergoing dialysis without Wudu' (ablution)? And if not, what is to be done if the Zhuhr (Noon) and the `Asr (Afternoon) Prayers pass while we are undergoing dialysis, and sometimes we are very tired as a result of the dialysis, and we take a rest till the time of the Maghrib (Sunset) Prayer, so we perform them all together. Is this permissible?

A: If delaying the dialysis till the evening during the days of Sawm is not possible, and the patient has to undergo dialysis while observing Sawm, dialysis invalidates the Sawm because, according to what specialists mention, it involves taking the patient's blood out of his body into a machine and then returning it to the body with some chemicals and nutrients that are added to it, such as sugars and salts, and this invalidates the Sawm. In this case, the patient has to abstain from all that breaks his Sawm for the rest of the day in which he undergoes dialysis, unless it becomes necessary for him to break his Sawm the rest of the day because of his illness. If the patient is likely to recover, he must make up for the Sawm after his recovery. And if he is not likely to recover, he must feed one Miskin (needy) for each day in which he undergoes dialysis during the day in Ramadan an amount of one and a half kilos of wheat, rice, and so on, from the country's staple food.The patient must perform each Salah on time before or after the dialysis if he can manage to do so, as it is not permissible to perform a Salah after its time ends or before it starts. Then, if the dialysis encompasses the rest of the Salah time, which means that the time of the Salah ends if it is delayed till after the dialysis, (Part No. 9; Page No. 108) he must perform it at the beginning of its time if possible, or he must combine it with the Salah with which it is possible to be combined if he cannot offer the other Salah on time, or if he finds it difficult to perform it after having the dialysis. So, he combines Zhuhr and `Asr Prayers at the time of the earlier one, which is Zhuhr, and combines Maghrib and `Isha' (Night) Prayers at the time of the earlier one. However, if the dialysis is to be done before the time of the Salah starts or at the beginning of its time, and the patient can not perform the Salah in this short period, he can delay it with the one that follows it if they can be combined. That is, he combines Zhuhr and `Asr Prayers at the time of the latter, because he falls under the same ruling as a patient. If it becomes necessary to have dialysis before one can perform the Salah at its due time, and the dialysis does not end until the time of the Salah ends, and it can not be combined with another Salah, for example, if someone undergoes dialysis after the time of `Asr Prayer starts or before the time of Fajr (Dawn) Prayer starts, he is permitted to delay it and compensate it after the dialysis ends. This is so even if its time is over, only for the necessity, because Allah (Exalted be He) says: So keep your duty to Allâh and fear Him as much as you can Allah (Exalted be He) also says: Allâh burdens not a person beyond his scope. Also, when the Prophet (peace be upon him) was occupied with fighting the Mushriks (ones who associate others with Allah in His Divinity or worship) on the day of Al-Ahzab and could not perform the `Asr Prayer, he delayed it till after the time of the Maghrib Prayer and then performed the Maghrib Prayer after it. (Part No. 9; Page No. 109) May Allah grant us success. May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions.